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??? What are these question marks doing here? These represent tools which we know by a Dutch or French name, but who's English name is yet unknown. Suggestions are always welcome!
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Garden riddle
Flower bulbs or tubers, regular in shape, can be sorted by circumference,
expressed in sieve size, by means of a garden riddle (1). The sieve
openings are a little larger than the actual circumference measurement,
especially if the shape is slightly irregular, as with tulips. The garden
sieve consists of a number of separate wooden sieve plates (approx. 60 cm)
in which there are holes of different diameters (approx. 2.5 cm; 3.5 cm; 4
cm; 4.5 cm). These rectangular or round plates fit in a wooden holder with
which you can sort the bulbs or tubers in ascending size while shaking.
[MOT] (1) Bulbs and tubers that are irregular in shape (and also rhizomes)
are also sorted by size, expressed in 1st, 2nd and 3rd size but this is
mainly done by hand.
Garden spade
Today it is a spade with an iron, more or less rectangular or triangular
blade, about a third longer than it is wide (approx. 27 x 18 cm), which is
an extension of a ball, T or D handle (1) . The size of the blade depends
on the force required to lift and move the soil clod (2). The blade of the
garden spade is sometimes provided with a footrest so as not to damage the
shoe of the user. Exceptionally, an extension is attached to the top of the
blade of the garden spade to use the tool as a spade (3). In the past, the
garden spade was also made entirely of wood. She was shaken up then.
Dimensions and shape of the blade can vary greatly. In Ireland there are
even asymmetrical spades (4). The garden spade is used to dig the garden or
field, to transplant crops and to dig (5). [MOT] (1) Tool length can vary
widely depending on the region. In Belgium, for example, garden spades of
about 110-120 cm are used, in Italy tools of 160 to 210 cm are used (see eg
CENCELLI & LOTRIONE: 172). (2) For...
Gardener's trowel
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/gardeners-trowel?lang=nl>
Garlic mill
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/garlic-mill?lang=nl>
Garlic press
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/garlic-press?lang=nl>
Gauge-glass cutter
(1) (1) Proper name unknown.
Gigli saw
Saw consisting of a thin, twisted steel wire (approx. 35-75 cm long) to
which a handle is hooked on both ends. It is used by the surgeon to cut
bones and can be distinguished from the wire saw used by the lumberman. The
steel wire can also be stretched in an arc-shaped frame with a T or D
handle. See also the amputating saw. [MOT]
Gimlet
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/gimlet?lang=nl>
Glass cutter
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/glass-cutter?lang=nl>
Glazier's hammer
Hammer (approx. 150-500 gr) with a narrow (approx. 1-2 cm) head used by the
glazier to knock small nails into the window frame. There are different
models: with two square faces, two round faces and with one round face and
a wedge-shaped pin. Often the handle of the glazier's hammer is finished as
a glazing lever. To be distinguished from the upholsterer's hammer. [MOT]
Glazing iron
The shoemaker uses this hand tool to give shine to the leather, especially
to the sole and heel. It has a beaked, iron, relatively wide (about 2 cm)
head attached to a wooden handle. After wax or polish has been applied, the
hot glazing iron is rubbed over the leather.Some glazing irons have one
stepped side that can be rubbed over the edge of the sole. [MOT]
Glazing lever
The glazier can easily lift a large window with a glazing lever. It has a
stem (approx. 20 cm) with a rectangular, thick (approx. 2-3 cm) blade with
one straight and one sloping side attached to it. The tool is slid under
the glass with the sloping side down; once under the glass, the stem is
pushed down and the glass comes up. The glazing lever can be monoxile or
plastic with a wooden handle. [MOT]
Glove stick
Elongated (approx. 30 cm), monoxile conical stick with a straight handle -
distinguishable from the curling iron - which is used to stretch and widen
the fingers of gloves, eg after washing. Glove stretchers can also be used
for the same purpose. [MOT]
Glove stretcher
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/247?lang=nl>
Glue comb
This manual tool consists of a sturdy, rectangular, steel blade that has
relatively short (approx. 2-3 mm) and wide (approx. 2-3 mm) rectangular
teeth at the bottom and which is set in the top a hollow metal handle in
cross section. It is used, among other things, by the tiler to spread glue.
[MOT
Glue iron
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/glue-iron?lang=nl>
Goad / Trident of the cattle-driver
(1) (1) Proper name unknown.
Goffer
In the past, the pleats in hats, lace, etc. were applied with a heated
goffer. The mouth of the tool is wide and wavy on the inside. Goffering
irons could also be used, but their mouth is narrower and consists of two
long round rods. Larger pieces were passed through a fluted roller. [MOT]
Goffering iron
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/goffering-iron?lang=nl>
Gouge
This gouge is to be distinguished from the carver's gouge, the carpenter's
carving gouge and the clog maker's gouge.
Gouge (bookbinder)
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/gouge-bookbinder?lang=nl>
Grafter's froe
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/grafters-froe?lang=nl>
Grafting knife
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/grafting-knife?lang=nl>
Grain sampler
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/grain-sampler?lang=nl>
Grain scoop
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/grain-scoop?lang=nl>
Grain scoop box
Wooden tool to scoop grain. See also the grain scoop and grain shovel.The
full text can only be consulted in dutch. [MOT]
Grain shovel
The grain shovel is a wooden shovel (approx. 150 cm long) used to stir the
grain and to scoop it into the winnowing machine and bags. See also grain
scoop and grain scoop bin. To be distinguished from the mould board shovel.
[MOT]
Grain sieve
After the grain has been threshed with the flail and the grain straw has
been removed, grains, chaff, clods, short straw, stones and other
impurities remain together. Some of the impurities are removed with the
help of the grain sieve. By shaking the sieve back and forth, the grains
fall through, leaving chaff and short straw behind. The grain sieve is also
used to separate chaff from dust / sand (1). The flax worker also uses a
grain sieve to separate the linseed from the chaff after threshing (see
bruising mail). The grain sieve is a large (diam. 50-100 cm) round sieve
(2) with 2-3 wooden rings (height approx. 10-20 cm) between which a flat
perforated bottom of metal (zinc) or leather (3) is clamped. In the latter
the small round or elongated holes (diam. 1-2 mm; center distance approx. 4
mm) (4) are punched with a punch. The center of the sieve bottom is often
decorated with a figure, a date, initials and / or place name. Sometimes 1,
3 or 4 holes or slots are provided in the edge...
Graining comb
Steel comb with long (approx. 2.5-5 cm), flat and relatively flexible
teeth, which is used by the house painter to imitate wood. Often there is a
series of combs, all made of steel and of different widths (approx. 2.5-10
cm), with fine (approx. 1 mm) and coarse (approx. 3 mm) teeth, packed in a
tin box. There are also painters' combs whose teeth are much firmer and are
set in a wooden handle; these combs are used for marble. [MOT]
Grape knife
A miniature pruning knife (approx. 15 cm) with a short blade (approx. 4-5
cm) with which grapes are harvested. Not infrequently, the end of the
suture forms a ring where the little finger can be inserted. The knife is
mainly used in the Bordelais area. [MOT]
Grape scissors
With grape scissors you can easily cut grapes from a bunch at the table.
They are scissors with short (approx. 3-5 cm), narrow (approx. 5 mm) blades
with a blunt tip and long (approx. 10 cm) arms. The tips are blunt so that
the grapes are not damaged when cut. These scissors are often decorated
with grape motifs.See also grape shears. [MOT]
Grape shears
Grapes can be harvested with a grape knife or grape shears. With the latter
one obtains a much nicer cut than with a harvesting knife. The shears have
two narrow blades (approx. 1 cm) with a straight cut; the arms can be made
of metal or consist of a wooden covering around a metal plate. They are
held together by a ring that is located on the bottom of one arm and that
can be fastened around the other arm. There is a spring between the arms.
See also grape scissors. [MOT]
Grass hook
The grass hook is used by the gardener and do-it-yourselfer to cut some
grass and weeds on small areas. It is a small scythe consisting of a
slightly curved sharp steel blade (approx. 30-40 cm) with a wide back and
ending in a point, which is fixed at right angles to a wooden handle
(approx. 10-80 cm). The scythe with short handle is used stooping with one
hand; the one with a long, usually straight handle is held with both hands
and used while standing. Sometimes the long stem has a slight kink about 12
inches from the tip. See also the grass whip. [MOT]
Grass shears
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/grass-shears?lang=nl>
Grass whip
Light tool suitable for mowing the lawn in hard-to-reach places such as
along tree trunks, stones, fences and roadsides. The grass whip consists of
a thin blade (approx. 20-25 cm), serrated on both sides (1) or provided
with a cut on both sides and front (2). The handle is covered with wood or
rubber. The tool is swung back and forth in front of the feet, with the
blade lying parallel to the ground, cutting through the thin grass stems.
Due to the double-sided cut, it works on both sides. See also the grass
hook. [MOT] (1) According to LOGAN: 176, the grass stems cannot bend away
due to the serrated cut. (2) Catalog 1976: Wilkinson Sword. The name on the
world's finest garden tools.
Grater (kitchen)
Kitchen utensil for grating vegetables. It consists of a metal plate with
rows of holes 'punched out'. The vegetables are sanded back and forth on
this rough surface and finely grated. There are flat, rectangular, pyramid,
semicircular, round, etc. graters. The grater can also be mounted on a tray
in which the finely grated goods are collected. There may be several
grating surfaces with smaller holes each time for finer grating. Often
there is also a sharp groove in the grating surface that serves as a
slicer. There are also composite kitchen utensils that, in addition to a
grater, can also be used as a butter cutter, apple corer and vegetable
peeler. To grate nutmeg, special graters are used (see nutmeg grater). In
addition to the kitchen grater, vegetables can also be grated using a
rotary grater. This allows even the smallest pieces to be rinsed up
completely. See also potato grater and soap shaver. [MOT]
Grill
You can roast a slice of bread, a piece of meat or fish over hot coals or a
flame on this roasting grid. Such a grill is made of iron (wire), may or
may not have legs and can be single or double. The latter can be squeezed
shut; the axis is at the head end. [MOT]
Grindstone
English translation in progress. You can find more technical information
about the grindstone on this page in dutch. [MOT]
Grindstone dresser
Grindstone dresser. This text can only be consulted in Dutch. [MOT]
Grindstone for pigment
Groove tapper
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/groove-tapper?lang=nl>
Grooving saw
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/grooving-saw?lang=nl>
Grubber
In contrast to the hand cultivator, which is continuously pulled, the claw
is pulled with jerks and the soil is loosened superficially. It is narrower
(approx. 5-10 cm) and therefore especially suitable for narrow spaces in
the rows and vegetables in the vegetable garden and for dense flower beds.
The claw has 3 to 5 round and pointed teeth, of which the middle one
protrudes in front of the other, and a wooden or plastic handle (approx.
20-140 cm). If the handle is long, the gardener stands upright; if the
handle is short, then the work is bent or crouched. Another model has thick
(approx. 0.5 cm) flat teeth - lying in one row - and is connected to the
handle by means of a tang. It is distinguishable from an all-metal model
that is used in hardware stores to pull nails out of a pile (1). There is
also a model with 2 flat, wide (approx. 1 cm) teeth with a long (approx. 35
cm) tang that sticks into a wooden handle (approx. 15 cm). See also the
weeding hoe, weeding fork, garden pulverizer...
Gun powder measure
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/gun-powder-measure?lang=nl>
Hachoir
The hachoir is a knife with a semicircular blade and a straight handle
attached in the top center of the blade. It is used to finely chop small
quantities of herbs, which are placed in the corresponding concave wooden
bowl. Thus, one can either move the knife back and forth and cut the herbs
or chop up and down with the blade perpendicular to the bottom. In the
meantime, the bowl should be turned from time to time. [MOT]
Hacking knife
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/hacking-knife?lang=nl>
Hackle
This text can only be consulted in Dutch.See also the spinning hackle.
[MOT]
Haemostatic forceps
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/haemostatic-forceps?lang=nl>
Hair brush
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/hair-brush?lang=nl>
Hairbrush cleaner
This text can only be consulted in Dutch
<https://www.mot.be/resource/Tool/hairbrush-cleaner?lang=nl>